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| Garcinia Cambogia |
Garcinia cambogia is a small fruit that resembles a miniature
pumpkin. It is indigenous to India and parts of Asia, and an extract
from its fruit and rind is popular in many natural weight loss
products. The extract is hydroxycitric acid (HCA), claimed to
suppress appetite and enhance fat-burning. Animal research supports
these claims, but subsequent human trials have been equivocal.
The theory behind garcinia cambogia is that HCA inhibits an
enzyme called citrate lyase that helps turns excess carbohydrates
into fat. By inhibiting this enzyme, it is believed the body instead
boosts carbohydrate oxidation, or simply put, burns the extra carbs.
In extensive animal studies, garcinia cambogia was found to reduce
food intake by suppressing appetite, as well as to decrease body fat.
Human trials have been less clear. While some double-blind studies
using garcinia cambogia and a placebo showed the HCA group as
doubling or tripling weight loss over a 12-week period as compared to
the control group, other studies showed a less promising result.
The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) published
such a study that used a daily dose of 1500mg of HCA over a 12-week
period on healthy, overweight adults. At the end of the study, the
group receiving garcinia cambogia did not see statistically different
weight loss from the control group. However, this study has been
criticized by some, with the claim that the high-fiber diet used in
the trial likely interfered with the body’s ability to absorb HCA.
Unfortunately, the study did not test the subjects to see whether HCA
was found in the cells where it becomes active.
Garcinia
cambogia reportedly does not have any known adverse effects in
healthy adults, but there are some people who are advised not to take
it. According to experts, this includes children, pregnant and
lactating women, those diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, and people
with Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia disease. In the case of
Alzheimer’s patients, it is thought HCA might form acetylcholine in
the brain, while diabetics could be affected by HCA’s tendency to
lower blood sugar. Conversely, in healthy adults this latter effect
can purportedly curb cravings for sweets and carbohydrates.
Garcinia cambogia is usually sold in capsule form, standardized to
include a percentage of HCA, the active ingredient. Only brands
standardized to 50% or greater HCA are generally recommended. For
maximum effect, the daily dose is divided in three parts, taking one
or more capsules 30-60 minutes before breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
Some manufacturers claim garcinia cambogia must build up in
the system before the full benefits can be realized. It has also been
suggested that HCA might help people who have already attained their
ideal weight to maintain it. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
does not regulate garcinia cambogia. People who are considering
augmenting a healthy diet and exercise regimen with herbal aids like
HCA should see their physicians for personalized advice. |
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